Commercial vehicles go battery-electric assisted by the battery life of one million miles (fit-and-forget) and ranges of up to 600 miles being imminent. Shenzhen alone has 70,000 electric logistics vehicles. Next, come robot buses, robotrucks, and robotaxis with driver elimination reducing cost by intensive use. IDTechEx has a report on the topic, ‘Electric, Hybrid & Fuel Cell Light Commercial Vehicles 2021-2041’.
Radically different robot shuttles will do these tasks and much more. See the IDTechEx report, ‘Robot Shuttles and Autonomous Buses 2020-2040’. Specifically for cities, they replace ten or more types of vehicle and they will be allowed to go where none of these are allowed, such as down paths, across plazas, into shopping malls, symmetrical so no U-turns, with some even moving sideways when needed.
Expect multiple paybacks such as windows on all sides carrying moving color advertising paying the cost of the school bus mode twice a day. The IDTechEx report, ‘Micro-LED Displays 2020-2030: Technology, Commercialization, Opportunity, Market and Players’ describes that new technology. Solar-on-supercapacitor bodies replacing batteries, with wireless top-up?
Toyota Woven City plans robot shuttles as the only vehicles allowed centrally, so no congestion or accidents. Its e-Palette robot shuttles reconfigure from fast food to utility vehicles, taxis, buses, hire cars, parcel post, and mobile libraries. The poor and disabled are empowered. No sidewalks needed.
However, all robot vehicles need to wait to 2030 or so to go big time with trusted, safe, insurable, legal, affordable Level 5 autonomy with no driver capability. Then exponential growth to $18 billion in 2040 awaits. Let us look at the latest situation with robot shuttles followed by an appraisal of new robot versions of what we have already.
There are 36 projects in 15 countries with trials in 20 countries. Ignore those using golf cars or small buses. They are unable to test even the shuttle essentials such as no U-turns, travel and impact strength in two directions, smallest footprint per passenger, rapid reconfiguration.
The best types emerging are upright, boxy, 8 to 20 person symmetrical vehicles with a small footprint, all-round vision, large sliding doors, quiet, zero-emission and able perform many different tasks even in one day, surviving intensive use, gated to never exceed 50 to 60kph.
They are backed by giants like Toyota and Baidu to startups, one having raised $1 billion. Trials mainly explore new people applications, often free-of-charge, from empowering the poor and disabled, inner circulators or viably filling in gaps in the transportation network and replacing very underutilized vehicles such as school buses and private cars.
Local Motors has recently received $15 million from Future Creation Fund II in Japan for its 80% 3D-printed Olli robot shuttle project trialing worldwide. Its new partner, Florida’s Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) provider BEEP, plans to deploy hundreds. Olli 2.0 has 160 km range, speed of up to 40 km/h. Its Protean in-wheel motors improve safety, performance, and space. Perhaps it will fit Protean 360 degree motor-wheels next – like castors on a trolley.
Swedish ‘Einride Pods’ are remotely-controlled electric trucks with no driver’s cab. Lee Sungwook has recently drawn a concept food truck ‘Streat’ like a windowless robot shuttle. This autonomous, pre-fab food-truck would be customized based on the restaurant running within it and rented out at low cost, he suggests.
Air pollution is now the world’s fourth killer (State of Global Air Report late 2020) – 4.5 million deaths from outdoor air pollution in 2019. Over 90% of the global population lives in areas where fine particulate matter levels do not meet the World Health Organization guidelines. Since even “zero-emission” vehicles emit these particles from their tires, the message is now fewer, not just cleaner vehicles. Multipurposing robot shuttles come to the rescue.
