Magnetism controlled at low current through spintronics

A device capable of controlling magnetism at a lower current level than conventional spintronics devices has been jointly developed by a research team at National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) and Tokyo University of Science, Japan. The device was fabricated by combining a solid electrolyte with a magnetic material, and enabling insertion/removal of ions into/from the magnetic material through application of voltage.

A research team of International center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), consisting of postdoctoral fellow Takashi Tsuchiya (currently at Tokyo University of Science), group leader Kazuya Terabe, and Director Masakazu Aono, developed a device capable of controlling magnetism at a lower current level than conventional spintronics devices, with lecturer Tohru Higuchi at Tokyo University of Science.

The device was fabricated by combining a solid electrolyte with a magnetic material, and enabling insertion/removal of ions into/from the magnetic material through application of voltage. Because the device has a simple structure and is capable of high integration, it may lead to the development of totally new high-density high-capacity memory devices with low power consumption.

High-density high-capacity recording (memory) devices for storage of a vast amount of data have become important due to the information explosion today.

Spintronics devices, which utilize characteristics of both the charge and spin of electrons to record information, are attracting much attention as a type of memory device. However, it has been pointed out that the spintronics elements are difficult to use in high integration due to their complex structures and they require a high level of write current.

Using a lithium ion conducting solid electrolyte, the research group inserted/removed lithium ions into/from the Fe3O4 magnetic material to change the electronic carrier density and electronic structure of the magnetic material. By doing so, the research group successfully tuned magnetic properties including magnetoresistance and magnetization.

The technique developed in this study, which takes advantage of ionic motion, enables spintronics devices to control magnetism at a lower current level than conventional devices, allows them to have a simple structure, and makes them capable of high integration.

Furthermore, the whole of the device is made of solid materials, preventing liquid leakage from occurring. Because of these advantageous features, this technique is expected to enable the development of high-density high-capacity memory devices with low power consumption, using conventional semiconductor processes.

Based on these results, the research group will make further progress in the development of microfabrication techniques to achieve high integration, and conduct demonstration experiments aiming to apply this technique to high-density high-capacity memory devices.

The study was published in the online version of ACS NANO on January 6, 2016.

More information: National Institute for Materials Science